diggins



May 2, 19333 H, H. anxecams v I LQWZEQ SD HEATER Filed April 9, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet l Filed April 9, 1951 H. H. DIGGINS HEATER LSWMMQ 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 F7 %7 fm& MM;-

H. H. DIGGINS May 2, 1933.

HEATER Filed April 9, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 TE H. IDEGGINS, 01!" WOQDSHQCK. Iii-Q15 4 HM'EEE Application filed April 9,

The present invention relates to heaters oi the cabinet type and has for its ob ect to produce' a simple, eficient and reliable oil or gas burning heater of this type.

Viewed in various of its aspects, my 1nvention may be said to have for some of its objects to produce a heater: that is composed of few parts and is rugged anddura'hle; that will effectively maintain a circulation of air 11% in a room or other closed space w1th no appreciable retarding efiect due to passing through the heater; in which the cabinet or outer casing will not become overheated; and Whose burner may be quickly and easlly adjusted to secure the most desirable proportioning of air and fuel and operate as eiiectively in windy weather as when the weather is calm.

A further object of the present invention is to prevent the fuel oil, where oil is burned, from overflowing and flooding the floor on which the heater is standing.

The various features of novelty whereby my invention is characterized will hereinafter be pointed out with particularity in the claims; but, for a full understanding of my invention and of its objects and advantages, reference may be had to the following de tailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a front elevation of a heater embodying my improvements; Fig. 2 is a section on line 22 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3-is a top plan view of the heater with the perforated. top plate or cover removed; Fig. 4 is a front view, on a larger scale, of a fragment of the streamline shell containing the combustion chamber, and the burner; Fig. 5 is a section on line 5-5 of Fig. 4; Fig. 6 is a front view 40 of the lower part of the streamline shell;

Fig. 7 is a section on line 77 of Fig. 5; Fig. 8 is a section on line 88 of Fig. 7 Fig. 9 is a top plan view of the burner unit detached from the shell; and Fig. 10 is a section on line 1010 of Fig. 7.

My improved heater includes a shell 1, preferably of sheet metal, streamline in transverse section, provided with hurner means and housed in a cabinet or casing 2. The 59 cabinet or casing is open at the bottom and 19310 deli e1 Ho. Lidhddlh has a perforated top 3 through which heated air maygrise. It is not desirable that the cahinet become extremely hot and, therefore, I interpose between the same and the shell suitable shields or bafie plates. In the arrangement shown, the end walls, a and 5, of the shell extend beyond the sides of the latter to the side walls of the cabinet, being secured to such side walls in any suitable manner. These end walls are spaced apart from the ends of the cabinet and, in the spaces thus formed, are vertical shields or bafie plates 6 and T, spaced apart from ends of the shell and the ends or the cabinet; the members 6 and 7 preferably extending substantially across the entire width and height of the cabinet. The cabinet is much wider than the widest part of the shell, leaving wide spaces within the cabinet on opposite sides of the shell. lln these spaces are shields or has it) plates 8 and 9 each extending throughout the height and depth of the cabinet. The plates 8 and 9 converge upwardly but at a smaller angle than do the sides of the shell, thereby causing the heated air to be assisted in ris- 5 ing instead oi having its upward flow retarded. The plates 8 and 9, as well as the plates 6 and 7, become heated and, therefore, heat the air which flows up between them and the side and end walls of the cabinet; this 30 air serving as an insulating cushion that keeps down the temperature of the cabinet walls.

The cabinet and shell, together with the shields, therefore, form a unitary structure 35 whose parts are assembled in the factory and thereafter require no further attention.

A suitable smoke pipe 10 extends from the shell through a wall of the cabinet; this pipe being preferably connected to the lower part 99 of the shell so that the combustion gases must flow down from the top of the combustion chamber in the shell toward the bottom before escaping. lln the front wall of the shell, near the bottom, is a door 11 and, in the corresponding wall of the cabinet, is another door 12 just in front of the door 11; the door 12 heing preferably a double door.

The fuel and air to support combustion enter the bottom of the combustion chamber 100 near the front end so that, when the doors are open, the burner may be lighted. The door 11 has therein a small peep hole 13 through which the character and action of the flame may be observed without opening this door.

The burner means is suspended from the under side of the shell and housed within the cabinet. In the arrangement shown, there 1s an annular saddle 14, fitting against the bottom of the shell and having a tubular part or throat 15 of considerable diameter projecting up into the interior of the shell. WVithin the shell and surrounding the member 15 is a clamping ring 16 shaped to fit the curvature of the bottom wall of the shell. Suitable fastenings, such as stove bolts 17, extending through the saddle, the bottom wall of the shell and the clamping ring, fix the saddle securely to the shell. Below, and hung from the saddle, is a large cup-shaped draft tube 18. In the arrangement shown, the member 18 has several laterally-projecting ears 19 distributed around the top. Passing freely through these ears are vertical rods 20 whose upper ends are screw-threaded into the saddle. There are shoulders on the rods, above and below the ears, as indicated at 21 and 22, to prevent relative vertical movements between the rods and the draft tube. Therefore, since the screw portions of the rods extend entirely through the saddle and are of considerable length, the rods serve not only as supports for the draft tube but also as a means to adjust the draft tube from and toward the saddle. The rods preferably extend down below the draft tube and have thereon handles 23 by which they may be turned. The saddle has a depending annular flange 24, of smaller diameter than the top of the draft tube extending down into the latter to prevent a draft from blowing directly across the top of the draft tube.

I The burner proper is in the form of a cylindrical basket 25 open at the top and fixed within the draft tube so as to be co-axial with tween the upper edgeor rim of the basket and the underlying saddle. The amount of this secondary air may, therefore, be controlled by adjusting the draft tube up and down so as to "ary the size of what may be called the secondary air port which lies between the under side of the saddle and the rim of the basket. The primary air enters through holes 26 distributed about and passing through the cylindrical wall of the basket. In the arrangement shown, some of the holes are larger than the others and lie at a slight angle to radii of the basket passing through the same; these holes being illustrated as forming the lowermost row 27. In Fig. 10, I

have shown a fragment of the basket oken away, so as to disclose one of the holes 27. The purpose of the inclination of some of the holes is to cause the incoming primary air to take a whirling motion within the basket and produce a vortex that will draw the gaseous fuel upward, and prevent sudden gusts of wind from materially affecting the operation of the burner.

Fuel is delivered to the basket through a pipe 28 that enters the same near the bottom. This pipe contains a coupling 29 provided with ears 30 resting upon and secured to a ledge 31 at the front side of the draft tube, whereby the fuel pipe serves as one of the supports for the basket. There are additional supports for the basket in the form of lugs or internal projections 32 within the rear portion of the draft tube; the basket having ears i53 that rest upon and are secured to these ugs.

In the particular arrangement illustrated, the burner is supplied with liquid fuel, although it will operate satisfactorily on gaseous fuel. When liquid fuel is employed, provision must be made to prevent flooding. In the arrangement shown, the coupling 29 in the fuel supply pipe has in the upper part thereof an overflow port 35 which permits oil to escape before an objectionable excess collects in the basket. The oil escaping through the port 35 flows down into an inclined trough 36, integral with the coupling, and enters a bucket 37 which in turn controls a cut-off valve 38 in any usual or suitable way. In other words, after a certain amount of liquid fuel has escaped, the weight of the bucket causes the shut-off valve to close. There is a second inclined trough 39 leading to the bucket from the bottom of the draft tube. In the event that the port 35 should become clogged, allowing the oil to rise in the basket to the levelof the first row of perforations therein, the overflow will be into the draft tube and from there into the controlling bucket.

After the heater is set up for use, the burner is lighted and the effect observed through the hole 13 in the door to the combustion chamber. The adjusting handles 23 are then turned so as to raise or lower the basket and level it so that, when the fuel is being delivered at the desired rate, the proper flame will be produced. These adjustments are made without opening the combustion chamber and while the workman is watching through 5 the peep hole, because he can reach under the heater and grasp the adjusting handles without looking away from the flame. There are preferably three of the adjusting screws, as

shown, giving a three-point adjustment, which makes it easy to adjust the burner. Thereafter inspections and adjustments may easily be made at any time to insure .efiicient operation with the particular kind of fuel e that then happens to be employed. Wind and gusts of wind have no harmful effect and,

therefore, since there are no delicate parts to get out of order, if inspected from time to time, the heater will always give good service I under widely varying conditions. Also, since tled, and there is a maximum amount of heat til interchange, without overheating the air and without permitting the walls of the cabinet to become too hot.

While I have illustrated and described with particularity only a single preferred form of my invention, 1 do not desire to be limited to the exact structural details thus illustrated and described; but intend to covor all forms and arrangements which come within the definitions of my invention constituting the appended claims.

I claim:

1. in a heater, a shell streamline in vertical cross sect on and having a smoke outlet and in the bottom near the front end an opening, burner means underlying the shell and secured thereto in registration with. said opening, and a cabinet extending over the shell and the burner and spaced apart from the shell, said cabinet having air inlet openings at the. bottom and air outlet openings at the top, a door in the front end of the cabinet giving access to the burner. and a door in the front end of the shell behind the door in the cabinet.

2. In a heater, a shell streamline in vertical cross section, and having in the bottom an opening and having also a smoke outlet. a burner below and suspended from the shell in registration with said opening, a cabinet extending over the shell and the burner, the cabinet having openings at-the bottom and at the top, and upright battle plates between the sides and ends of the shell and the corresponding walls of the cabinet and spaced apart from the shell. and the cabinet, the bafile plates at the sides of the shell converging toward each other toward the top but at a smaller angle than the corresponding walls of the shell.

3. In a heater, a sheet metal shell having an outlet and an opening in the bottom, a saddle under the shell and having an opening in registration with thc'aforesaid opening in the bottom of the shell, a ring within the shell around the opening, means securing the saddle and the ring together-with the metal of the shell gripped between them, and a'burner below the said saddle.

4. In a heater, a sheet metal shell having an outlet and an opening in the bottom, a saddle under the shell and having an opening registering with the aforesaid opening in the bottom of the shell, a ring within the shell around said opening, fastenings connecting the saddle and the ring together and causing the bottom wall of the shell to be clamped between them, and a burner in theform of a basket suspended fromthe saddle.

5. In a heater, a sheet metal shell having an outlet and an opening in the bottom, a saddle under the shell and having an opening registering with the aforesaid opening in the bottom of the shell, a ring within the shell around said opening, a fastening connecting the saddle and the ring together and causing the bottom wall of the shell to be clamped between them, a burner in the form of a basket below the saddle, the under side of the saddle and the top of the basket being spaced apart from each other to provide an annular passage for secondary air, and means for adj ustably securing the basket to the saddle so as to support the basket and permit the size of the secondary air passage to be varied.

6. In a heater, a shell having a smoke outlet and an opening in the bottom, an annular element on the under side of the shell around said opening, a burner in the form of a basket below and registering with said annular element, means to secure the basket to the shell with the mouth of the basket spaced at any one of a plurality of distances from said annular element, and a depending flange on said annular element extending around the upper marginal part of the basket in spaced relation thereto.

7. In a heater, a shell having a smoke outlet and an opening in the bottom, an annular member fixed-to the shell around said opening and having a depending annular flange, a bucket-shaped draft tube below said member, the upper part of the draft tube and said flange being in spaced telescoped relation to each other, fastenings between said member and the draft tube to hold the latter at various distances from said member, and a burner in the form of a basket mounted in the draft tube.

8. In a heater, a shell having a smoke outlet and an opening in the bottom, an annular member fixed to the shell around said opening, a draft tube below said opening, a burner in the form of a basket in the draft tube and shell supported by registering with said opening, vertical rods connected to the draft tube so as to be rotatable while held against endwise movement with respect to the draft tube, means on said 5 rod below the tube to turn the same, and the upper ends of the rod being screw-threaded into said annular member to support the draft tube and permit it to be adjusted vertically.

9. In a heater,-a sheet metal shell having an outlet and in the bottom an opening, a saddle underlying the shell and in contact therewith and having an opening in registratration withthe aforesaid openin in the bottom of the shell, means securing t e saddle to the shell, and a burner below and suspended from the saddle.

10. In a heater, asheet metal shell having an outlet and in the bottom an opening, a

saddle underlying the shell and in contact therewith and having an opening in registration with the aforesaid opening in the bottom of the shell, means securing the saddle to the shell, a burner in. the form of a basket open at the top arranged below and suspended from said saddle, said basket having perforations through its side walls, and means to control the flow of air from the outside across the top of the basket.

In testimony whereof, I sign this specification.

HARTE H. DIGGINS. 

